首先，很多父母都没有把孩子们的基因联系搞清楚，认为异卵双胞胎是同卵双胞胎——或者刚好相反。
First, we know that many parents make bad guesses about their children's genetic connection-thinking that fraternal twins are actually identical ones, or vice versa.
这些异种基因会不会破坏我们赖以生存的、脆弱的生态系统？
Will these alien genes harm the fragile ecosystem upon which we all depend?
研究者们相信：在异源环境中，多种多样的基因型是一项有用的生存工具。
The researchers believe that a more diverse set of genes is a useful survival tool in a heterogeneous environment.
但重要的是，在异卵双胞胎中，两个孩子同都患自闭症的概率也不低，如果基因因素是主要因素，那么这种情况就与我们期望的结果是相反的。
But importantly, the chance of both twins being affected by autism was not low among fraternal twins, which is counter to what would be expected if genetics were the dominant factor.
如果同卵双胞胎给出相同答案的比率高于异卵双胞胎的，那么很大可能是基因造成了这一结果。
If the identical twins came up with the same answers more often than the fraternal twins did, then it's more likely that genes were the reason.
于是，皮特·梅尼霍德突变了酵母菌的基因组，用可以生产异丁醇的酶学途径的基因代替了那些控制乙醇发酵的基因。
So Peter Meinhold rewired the yeast genome, replacing genes that controlled ethanol fermentation with genes for a enzymatic pathway that would produce isobutanol.
今天我们发现了一种制造更“绿色”轮胎的方法，即通过利用基因改良的细菌来生物合成异戊二烯。
Now a way has been found to make greener tyres by using genetically modified bugs to produce isoprene biologically.
同卵双胞胎的基因完全一样；异卵双胞胎的基因只有一半完全一样；异卵双胞胎的基因恐怕并不比普通兄弟姐妹之间的基因更加相似。
Identical twins are genetic duplicates, while fraternal twins share only about half their genes and are no more genetically alike than ordinary siblings are.
Genencor用一种改变了基因的大肠细菌来制造生物异戊二烯，该细菌在微生物遗传学界最受欢迎。
Genencor used a genetically modified form of E-coli, a favourite species of bacteria in microbial genetics, to produce BioIsoprene.
不过，还有很多与自发性异卵双胞胎有关的基因有待发现。
However, there are still more genes to be found that influence spontaneous dizygotic twinning.
在这项研究中，他们和加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的克里斯托弗•道维斯使用了一项全国性数据，这项数据对1000多对同卵及异卵双胞胎的基因进行了对比。
For this study, they and Christopher Dawes of UCSD used national data that compared more than 1,000 identical and fraternal twins.
在这项研究中，他们和加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的克里斯托弗•道维斯使用了一项全国性数据，这项数据对1000多对同卵及异卵双胞胎的基因进行了对比。
For this study, they and Christopher Dawes of UCSD used national data that compared more than 1, 000 identical and fraternal twins.
人们对于基因变得异乎热衷，他们开始混合本土高加索和德国牧羊犬以及大丹犬的血统以期改良犬的品质。
The people became enthusiastic about genetics and tried to improve the breed and they began to mix native caucasians with the german shepherd and great dane .
遗传可能性评估依赖于比较相同异卵双生的类似性状，如果和基因与基因相互作用相关遗传可能性会增强。
Heritability estimates depend on comparing the similarity of a trait for identical versus fraternal twins, and will be increased if gene-gene interactions are involved.
关于同卵和异卵双胞胎的研究成为了行为在很多方面受遗传影响的有力证据，对DNA的检测揭示了一些基因的作用。
Studies comparing identical with non-identical twins have helped to establish the heritability of many aspects of behaviour, and examination of DNA has uncovered some of the genes responsible.
当含有两种不同基因型的菌丝融合在一起时，可以形成异核体。
Hyphae with nuclei of different genotypes can fuse to form a heterokaryon.
再将这些人的基因档案与大量的非异卵双胞胎母亲或异卵双胞胎的家属的人群作比较。
Their genetic profiles were compared to those from a large group of people who were not related, either as mothers or as family members, to dizygotic twins.
异卵双生胎的则存在基因差异。
携带异戊烯基转移酶基因的草坪草表现出分蘖力加强，严冬绿期延长；
Transgenic turfgrass carrying the isopentenyl transferase gene showed enhanced tillering ability and extended green period under severe winter conditions.
用角质形成细胞和PDGF基因传染的成纤维细胞在无细胞异种?。
The composite skins are constructed with cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts with PDGF gene on acellular xenodermis.
序列排比结果说明在淀粉酶基因的趋异进化过程中，基因突变和遗传重组都曾起过作用。
Comparison of two DNA sequences suggested that both gene mutation and genetic recombination were involved in the divergent evolution process.
异柠檬酸脱氢酶，其基因，以及其在肥胖、高脂血症、和脂肪肝治疗和在脂类生物合成中的用途。
Isocitrate dehydrogenase, gene thereof, and use of the same in the treatment of obesity, hyperlipidemia, and fatty liver in lipid biosynthesis.
目的探讨胸腺内注射异基因抗原在延长移植皮片存活期中的作用。
Objective to study the effects of intrathymic injection of allogenic antigen on prolongation survival of skin grafts.
结果确认此病例的基因型为1型和3型的混合感染。结论异双体动态分析法是一个快速，简单，准确的方法。
Results The genotype of mixed infection was genotype 1 and 3. Conclusion HMA is a rapid, simple and accurate method to detect mixed infection.
然而在进行异基因脏器移植时，首先遇到的最大障碍就是难以寻找到一个白细胞抗原(HLA)完全相匹配的适宜供体。
However, when allogeneic organ transplantation is performed, the biggest barrier to be overcomed is to select a suitable donor whose HLA is fully matched with the recipient.
目的探讨吸入不同浓度异氟烷对大鼠肺脏炎性因子水平及其基因表达的影响。
Objective To investigate the effects of inhaled different concentrations of isoflurane(ISO)on the expression of lung cytokines in rats.
目的：观察异基因脾细胞经门静脉途径输注诱导受体免疫耐受的效果，以及联合使用塞尼哌后的效果。
Objective: to study the effects of immunological tolerance induced by administration of allogeneic splenocytes through portal vein in rats in combination with Daclizumab.
目的了解异基因骨髓注射在大鼠小肠移植中的免疫耐受作用和意义。
ObjectiveTo investigate the immune tolerance function and significance of allogene bone marrow injection to the small intestines transplantation of rats.
本文实现了重组别藻蓝蛋白基因在毕赤酵母中的异源表达。
In this paper, the heterogeneous expression of recombinant allophycocyanin in Pichia pastoris was completed.
本文实现了重组别藻蓝蛋白基因在毕赤酵母中的异源表达。
In this paper, the heterogeneous expression of recombinant allophycocyanin in Pichia pastoris was completed.
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