参看 COCOMOII，了解在估算中应用系数的技术。
See COCOMO II for techniques for applying coefficients in estimation.
其结果就是，应用程序很容易部署，并且具有关系数据库系统的所有特性。
The result is an application that is easy to deploy with all the features of a relational database system.
最常见的原因是需要向仅使用关系数据的遗留SQL应用程序、打包业务应用程序和商业智能 (BI)工具馈送数据。
The most common reason is the need to feed legacy SQL applications, packaged business applications and business intelligence (BI) tools that consume only relational data.
在关系数据库系统内部，应用程序和实际数据库之间的主要交互都是以会话或连接的sql语句形式来实现的。
Within a relational database system, most interactions between an application and the actual database are in the form of SQL statements within a session or connection.
应用程序可以访问服务器中的关系数据，并在浏览器中以独特的声明式方法对结果进行协调。
Applications can access relational data from a server and match up the result in a browser in a unique and declarative approach.
关心这些细节的应用程序如出版系统，需要寻求关系数据库之外的方法来存储需要的信息。
Applications such as publishing systems that care about these details need to look beyond the relational database for their information storage needs.
真实应用程序可能使用关系数据库系统，但这个示例对我们的目的来说足够了。
A real application would probably use a relational database system, but this example is enough for our purposes.
保存各种信息对于应用程序来说非常平常，大多数时候它们是保存在关系数据库中。
It is extremely common for applications to store various pieces of information, most of the time in relational databases.
另外，对于需要以关系数据形式处理XML数据的应用程序，DB 2允许通过创建视图把xml转换为具有传统SQL数据类型的结果集。
Furthermore, for applications that need to perceive XML data as relational data, DB2 enables firms to create views that dynamically transform XML into result sets with traditional SQL data types.
将这些应用程序变量存储在关系数据库中是否可取还有待于进一步论证。
Whether storing these application variables in a relational database is a good idea or not is subject to some debate.
应用程序和数据库层之间的联接通常采用关系数据库中的SQL调用格式。
The linkage between the application and database tiers typically takes the form of SQL calls into a relational database.
这些模式讨论表示、到关系数据存储的映射、域逻辑、应用程序状态管理和创建的应用程序功能。
These patterns address presentation, mapping to relational data stores, domain logic, application state management, and common application functions.
在这样的设计中，更新被应用到了对象上，映射层的职责就是将这种变化反映到关系数据库中。
In such a design, updates are applied to objects and it is the responsibility of the mapping layer to migrate those changes to a relational database.
它提供一个功能丰富的环境，包括表单和报告语言，可以轻松地开发关系数据库应用程序。
It provides a rich environment with forms and reports language for easy development of relational database applications.
这允许您快速开发需要使用XML数据、关系数据或这两种数据的混合体的应用程序。
This allows rapid development of applications that require either XML data, relational data, or a hybrid set of XML and relational data.
通常，应用与后端的关系数据库一起工作。
Usually, the application works with a backend relational database.
应用程序依赖XML文件来进行数据交换以及关系数据库来提供数据永久性都是应用程序业务逻辑(也就是其模式)的特征。
An application's reliance on XML documents for data exchange and relational databases for data persistence are characteristics of the application's business logic (that is, its model).
想一下关系数据库，对于每个应用程序，严格定义的表之间的关系对于为数据赋予意义至关重要。
When you think of a relational database, you can see that for everyday applications, the relationship between strictly defined tables is important to give meaning to the data.
对于关系数据库、XML文档、队列、应用程序数据等，都可以从一个公共的平台中，结合SQL的强大功能对它们进行透明访问。
Relational databases, XML documents, queues, application data, and more can be transparently accessed from a common platform and combined using the power of SQL.
这些应用会经常与关系数据库或者其他信息系统——比如面向消息的中间件——进行交互。
These applications frequently interact with relational databases and other information systems such as message-oriented middleware.
这种技术通常需要自己编写自定义的应用程序逻辑从XML文档中提取数据，然后放到关系数据库的表列中。
Often the technology in question is custom application logic that you wrote yourself to extract data from an XML document and put it into a column on a table in a relational database.
应用程序还可以简便地集成XML数据和关系数据。
Applications can also easily integrate XML data and relational data.
应用程序能够轻松地访问所需的XML数据以及集成XML和关系数据。
Applications can readily access the XML data they need as well as integrate XML and relational data with little effort.
我不必写SQL代码，但我的应用程序由关系数据库支持的。
I did not have to write a single line of SQL code, yet my application is backed by a relational database.
大多数企业应用程序使用关系数据库。
同时还建议最好具有设计和实现基于. NET或J2EE的计算机应用程序以及使用关系数据库方面的经验。
Experience designing and implementing.net or J2EE-based computer applications, and working with relational databases is also recommended.
在使用VirtualDocuments时要注意一件事情：如果关系数据被外部应用程序修改，这些应用程序需要更新一个时间戳字段。
One thing to note when using virtual documents: If the relational data are modified by external applications, these applications need to update a timestamp field.
一旦她提交了表单，应用则保存她的名字到一个关系数据库中，并且显示所有已经“问候”过Seam的用户。
Once she submits, the application saves her name to a relational database and displays all the users that have said hello to Seam.
在测试该应用程序之前，必须先生成 EJB-to-RDB（关系数据库）映射，然后再生成部署代码。
Prior to testing this application, it will be necessary to generate EJB-to-RDB (relational database) mappings, and then generate the deployed code.
要通过抽取数据子集、排序并重新排列数据而实现应用程序逻辑，关系数据库具有SQL，XML具有XSLT和XQuery。
To implement application logic by extracting subsets of data and sorting and rearranging this data, relational databases have SQL, and XML has XSLT and XQuery.
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