城市系统是城市生态系统和城市经济系统的复合系统。
Urban system is a reuniting system of urban ecosystem and urban economic system.
对比研究了城市系统与自然生态系统物质代谢的主要差别。
Major differences in metabolism between urban system and natural system are compared and studied.
本文推演了城市系统中在人口零增长假设条件下的人口迁移理论模型；
This paper deduces a theoretical population model in a urban system under a hypothetical condition of zero population growth (ZPG), and analyses the population dynamics for the model.
随着社区功能的不断丰富和完善，社区逐渐成为城市系统中一个很重要的元素。
As the community functions grow and continue to improve, communities have played a key role in city system.
在这个项目中，我们主要研究两个关键问题：如何将一个被重点保护的基础设施元素纳入城市系统？
In this project we examine two essential questions: How can an infrastructure element that is a protected monument be programmed and made part of the urban system?
以四川资阳场景为试验区域，设计了支持城市概念设计的虚拟城市系统，并构建了虚拟城市景观模型库。
The virtual city system facing the urban conception design can preview the configuration character with realistic virtual scene, which can help the urban designer estimate the design ideology.
基于系统论的分析方法，将城市居住建筑视为与城市系统构成相关的有机构成体并对其城市系统属性进行讨论。
By the analytical method of system theory, urban residential building is regarded as component part of city system, and its property concerning city system is discussed.
模拟城市要素空间增长对城市系统的合理调控有着十分重要的意义，而居住的空间增长是城市空间增长的主要部分。
Urban growth simulation has a very important significance for rational adjustment and control of urban System, and Residental spatial growth is a main part of urban spatial growth.
这种很严重的状况，如果水侧暴露至城市系统，则必须通过设计避免，因为收集器回路最终会用水充满，且所有冻结保护都失去。
This disastrous situation must be avoided by design if the water side is exposed to the city water system because the collector loop eventually fills with water, and all freeze protection is lost.
提出为了适应数字城市向智能城市进化，数字城市系统的构建必须满足开放性、易拓展性、可重用性、可动态适应的智能性等特征。
Then it demonstrates that current Digital City system should be open, scalable, reusable, dynamically and intelligently adaptable to events, in order to evolve from now into future intelligent City.
文章简要介绍了荷兰建筑师库哈斯在《城市主义发生了什么？》一文中提出的清淡的城市主义的概念，讨论了建筑师在城市系统操作中的作用与价值。
By brief introduction the notion of lite urbanism advanced by Rem Koolhaas in the essay named What Ever Happened to urbanism, the paper discusses the value of architect in citys operation.
控制城市交通的新系统已经设计出来。
A new system has been devised to control traffic in the city.
它应该被冲入排水沟，流入城市的巨大排污系统。
It is supposed to be washed down the gutter and into the city's vast sewerage system.
最近对古玛雅水资源管理的研究发现，一些城市的城市建筑被用来分流降雨径流到相互连接的水库的重力补给系统中。
Recent studies of ancient Maya water management have found that the urban architecture of some cities was used to divert rainfall runoff into gravity-fed systems of interconnected reservoirs.
他指出，尽管世界上很少有城市像香港和苏黎世那样多山，但香港和苏黎世都成功地建设了各自的轻铁和重铁系统。
He points out that both Hong Kong and Zurich have managed to make a success of their rail systems, heavy and light respectively, though there are few cities in the world as hilly.
公路网的支持者通常会反对拥有良好公共交通的城市模式，他们认为这样的系统在他们所在的城市行不通。
It is common for supporters of road networks to reject the models of cities with good public transport by arguing that such systems would not work in their particular city.
在接下来的几年里，越来越多的铁路系统投入使用，从而极大地改变了城市的自然面貌。
In the years that have followed, more and more rail systems have been put in, dramatically changing the nature of the city.
城市规划师决定建一个地下排水系统。
The city planner decided to build an underground drainage system.
GPS系统对于那些在陌生城市寻找目的地的人来说，作用很大。
The GPS system is of great use to whoever wants to find his destination in a strange city.
公共政策决定和企业策划相结合，而这导致了无数便捷高效的城市有轨电车和城市内部的铁路系统被拆除。
A combination of public policy decisions and corporate scheming saw to it that countless convenient and efficient urban streetcar and intra-city rail systems were dismantled.
位于西雅图东部的贝尔维尤是一个快速发展的城市，它使用了一个在十字路口信号周围越来越受欢迎的系统，该系统可以根据交通状况实时调整。
Bellevue, a fast growing city, just east of Seattle, uses a system that is gaining popularity around the intersection signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions.
人们需要更多的能源支持更大的城市运转和经济增长，从而导致了水坝的建设，随之而来的生态系统的洪水，以及污染物的排放增加。
The need for more energy to power larger cities and economic growth therein leads to the construction of dams, the consequent flooding of ecosystems, and increased emissions of pollutants.
到2020年底，我国46个城市将建成垃圾分类系统。
By the end of 2020, garbage-sorting systems will be set up in 46 cities around the country.
它们还将采用更有效的运输系统以改善城市绩效。
They would also employ more efficient transport systems to improve city performance.
首先，这六个城市的地铁系统是按年代顺序开通的，其中伦敦是最早的(1863年)，而洛杉矶是最晚的(2001年)。
First, the subway systems in the six cities were opened in time sequence with London being the earliest (in 1863) and Los Angeles the latest (in 2001).
一个城市的通勤铁路系统都是从市中心向外分支，走得越远，道路越少。
The commuter-rail system of a city ramifies from the centre. The farther out you go, the sparser it is.
几个城市安装了动态收费系统，按交通流量收费不同。
Several cities have installed dynamic toll systems whose charges vary according to traffic flow.
几个城市安装了动态收费系统，按交通流量收费不同。
Several cities have installed dynamic toll systems whose charges vary according to traffic flow.
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