然而，欧洲人带来的绵羊、马、山羊和猪却有着坚硬的蹄子，这压紧了稀薄的土壤并导致了水土流失。

The sheep, horses, goats and pigs brought by Europeans, however, have hard hooves, which compress the thin soil and cause erosion.

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这些殖民地的植物也需要坚硬有弹性的茎高于土壤，茎可以弯曲很多，但不会断裂，因为水不断闯入他们。

The plants in these colonies also need tough resilient stems above the soil, stems that can bent a lot but not break as water constantly crashes into them.

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这些殖民地的植物也需要坚硬有弹性的茎高于土壤，茎可以弯曲很多，但不会断裂，因为水不断闯入他们。

The plants in these colonies also need tough resilient stems above the soil, stems that can bent a lot but not break as water constantly crashes into them.

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