公司治理属于企业制度的内容，发端并完善于欧美国家经济学领域的研究，且形成了比较完善的法律规范作为制度保障。
The corporate governance, belonging to the enterprise system, originates the field of economics research and has relatively perfect legal norms as a security system.
发达国家经济学研究开始回归到其研究的最终目的——实现国民幸福的最大化，经济学由物质转向精神，快乐经济学应运而生。
The studies on economics in the developed countries began its return to the ultimate goal — the maximization of happiness of the people.
几个因素将决定转向生物燃料的经济学，包括经济规模和在交通中使用乙醇的国家政策。
Several factors will determine the economics of moving to biofuels, including economies of scale and national policies for using ethanol in transport.
排开社会学和经济学不谈，两个国家之间的任何联系也归结于那些跨越了大沟壑的个人所作出的贡献。
Sociology and economics aside, any relationship between two nations also comes down to individuals who straddle the gap in surprising ways.
达特茅斯大学的经济学教授大卫·布兰·法罗以及奥斯瓦德先生研究了72个国家的数据。
David Blanchflower, professor of economics at Dartmouth College, and Mr Oswald looked at the figures for 72 countries.
我第一次学习发展经济学课程是在1973年，那一年由于阿拉伯国家的石油禁运导致经济动荡，而且布雷顿森林体系刚刚崩溃不久。
I first took a course in development economics in 1973, a year of economic turmoil with the Arab oil embargo and shortly after the downfall of the Bretton Woods exchange rate system.
在这些国家的成功面前，人们很容易忘记一些研究发展经济学的经济学家曾担忧过的“出口宿命论”，他们相信贫穷的国家在国际市场的冒险带来的所得甚少。
Given their success, it is easy to forget that some development economists were once prey to "export fatalism". Poor countries, they believed, had little to gain from venturing into the world market.
他们还强调了避免表面比较和“升降机经济学”(elevator economics)的重要性，“升降机经济学”强调不同时间和不同国家间的微小差异。
They also say the importance of avoiding superficial comparisons and "elevator economics" that stress small differences over time and across countries.
瑞典国家银行的发明，经济学奖里彭·德尔·伯里最喜欢的其中一个，是托尼·阿特金森先生，致力于收入的不平等。
One of Pendlebury's favourites for the economics prize, an invention of Sweden's national bank, is Sir Tony Atkinson, for work on income inequality.
经济学探讨一个国家的财富和资源如何用来满足其公民的需要。
Economics examines how a country's wealth and resources are used to meet the needs of its citizens.
经济学是清晰无误的：世界需要所有发达工业化国家致力于另一轮真正的刺激支出。
The economics is clear: the world needs all the advanced industrial countries to commit to another big round of real stimulus spending.
尽管制度经济学已成为我国经济学理论学科的组成部分，但相关思想并未渗透到国家的立法活动中去。
Though institutional economics has already become the component of economics theory discipline of our country, the relevant thought has not permeated through the legislative activity of our country.
从经济学意义上讲，紧急救助是指为濒临倒闭的某一实体(如公司、国家或个人)提供资金援助的行为。
In economics, a bailout is an act of loaning or giving capital to an entity (a company, a country, or an individual) that is in danger of failing.
如果我能书写一本关于这个国家的经济学教材，我将不会关心谁来制定国家的法律或者发表先进的论述。
I DON't care who writes a nation's laws, or crafts its advanced treatises, if I can write its economics textbooks.
按照公共经济学国家预算理论，一切财政资金都要纳入预算内进行管理。
According to the public economics national budget theory, all financial funds should be all included in managing budgetary.
本文从经济学角度比较分析各环境政策工具的有效适用性，并例举若干国家的实际应用成败经验。
In this paper, some environmental policy instruments are analyzed based on economics, and some country cases are presented in the end.
经济学是清晰无误的：世界需要所有发达工业国家致力于另一轮大手笔的真正刺激支出。
The economics is clear: the world needs all the advanced industrial countries to commit to another big round of real stimulus spending.
在总结欧美发达国家环境与自然资源经济学研究成果的基础上，系统地论述了本学科研究的新课题和发展趋势。
Based on the summarization of the achievements on environmental and natural resource economics in the western developed countries, the new research trends are discussed systematically.
经济增长一直以来备受关注，如何实现国家生产力的进步和国民财富的增长是现代经济学研究的重要问题。
How to achieve national progress and productivity growth is the important issue of modern economics. Economists have made a great number of researches on factors that promote economic growth.
新制度经济学的理论和方法在体制转轨国家更有其特殊的现实意义。
The neo-institution economy theory and method have more specially realistic meaning in the country where the system is changing.
试译：我不在乎是谁来制定这个国家的法律，又是谁撰写了高深的著作，只要经济学的教科书由我来写就好。
I don't care who writes a nation's laws, or crafts its advanced treatises, if I can write its economics textbooks.
经济学论证国家存在的必要性有两个进路：市场失灵说和交易成本说。
As far as economics is concerned, there are also two ways: the failure of the market and the cost of exchange.
第二个领域，宏观经济学，与国家收入和就业的现代解释交易。
The second field, macroeconomics, deals with modern explanations of national income and employment.
在许多领域，像一些心理学、进化生物学或者经济、物理学或者经济学，都有很多著名的英语国家的作家。
There are many famous english-speaking authors in many subjects, such as psychology, evolutionary biology, physics, or economics.
在许多领域，像一些心理学、进化生物学或者经济、物理学或者经济学，都有很多著名的英语国家的作家。
There are many famous english-speaking authors in many subjects, such as psychology, evolutionary biology, physics, or economics.
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