里德认为，托马斯·布沙尔的工作促成了如今双胞胎研究的激增。
Reed credits Thomas Bouchard's work for today's surge in twin studies.
然而，近日的双胞胎研究帮助科学家们得出了一个全新的结论：先天和后天因素不是唯一起作用的因素。
Lately, however, twin studies have helped lead scientists to a radical new conclusion: that nature and nurture are not the only elemental forces at work.
但在20世纪80年代，对出生时被分开而成年后重新团聚的同卵双胞胎进行研究时，双胞胎研究出现了令人惊讶的转折。
But twin studies took a surprising twist in the 1980s, with the arrival of studies into identical twins who had been separated at birth and reunited as adults.
此时在进行的唯一的实验是双胞胎研究。报酬丰厚，乔伊难以抗拒。
The only one available is for identical twins, but it pays so much that Joey can't resist.
遗传学，正如对4000对双胞胎研究所显示的，在快乐份额方面占大约50%。
Genetics, as research on 4,000 sets of twins has demonstrated, accounts for about 50 percent of your happiness quotient.
另外一个担心就是，尽管大多数的双胞胎研究已经被广泛的重复，但是它们可能会有系统上的缺陷。
Another worry is that, despite the fact that most twin studies have been extensively replicated, they may be subject to systematic flaws.
双胞胎研究的共识是基因确实对个人间差异存在实质的影响，其对商业的影响与其他的生活方面一样多。
The consensus from twin studies is that genes really do account for a substantial proportion of the differences between individuals-and that applies to business as much as it does to the rest of life.
科学家们继续研究同卵双胞胎，因为还有不确定的地方和许多问题没解决。
Scientists continue to study identical twins because they are uncertain about them and have many questions.
遗传学家丹妮尔·里德多年来对许多双胞胎进行研究，深入思考了研究双胞胎教会了我们什么。
Geneticist Danielle Reed has worked with many twins over the years and thought deeply about what twin studies have taught us.
对双胞胎的研究让我们能够更多地反思人们先天的特质，以及后天经验导致的特质。
Twin studies have allowed us to be more reflective about what people are actually born with and what's caused by experience.
他们研究了像吉姆·施普林格和吉姆·路易斯一样在不同环境中长大的同卵双胞胎。
They study pairs of identical twins who grew up in different surroundings, like Jim Springer and Jim Louis.
对世界各地的生物医学研究人员来说，双胞胎提供了一个宝贵的机会，来解开基因和环境——也就是先天和后天的影响之谜。
To biomedical researchers all over the world, twins offer a precious opportunity to untangle the influence of genes and the environment—of nature and nurture.
明尼苏达大学的研究人员研究了350组没有一起长大的同卵双胞胎。
Researchers at the University of Minnesota, study 350 sets of identical twins who did not grow up together.
明尼苏达大学的研究人员研究了350组没有一起长大的同卵双胞胎。
Researchers at the University of Minnesota, studied 350 sets of identical twins who did not grow up together.
同样研究双胞胎的遗传学家丹妮尔·里德认为，基因不能控制一切。
Genes can't control everything, argues geneticist Danielle Reed, who also studies twins.
里德的研究表明，虽然没有什么能真正改变我们的 DNA，但孩子在出生前和出生后第一年所经历的环境差异有时能够影响 DNA 的表现方式，甚至使同卵双胞胎变成两个很不同的人。
Reed's research shows that though nothing can truly change our DNA, environmental differences that a child experiences before birth and in their first year can sometimes affect the way the DNA behaves, making even identical twins into very different people.
诸如此类对双胞胎的研究点明了行径的方向，然而他们仅提供了运行的表面解释。
Twin studies such as these point the way, but they provide only superficial explanations of what is going on.
另外也有研究指出，对于同卵双胞胎来说，如果有一个患有adhd，那另一个也患有相同病症的概率达75%。
Other research has reported that, with identical twins, if one twin has ADHD, the other has a 75 percent chance of having the condition.
美国一项研究表明，个子高的女性生双胞胎的可能性较大。
Taller women are more likely to have twins, according to a US study.
对于双胞胎的研究表明有高胆固醇和骨质疏松的人的遗传成分更大。
Studies of twins suggest a genetic component larger than those known to be involved in high cholesterol and osteoporosis.
研究人员对65对双胞胎的皮肤损伤环境影响因素进行分析后发现，环境和生活方式对皮肤老化的影响大于遗传因素。
Their analysis of environmental skin-damaging factors in 65 pairs of twins hints that skin aging is related more to environment and lifestyle than genetic factors.
不仅如此，对双胞胎和被领养者的研究结果也表明，每个人的幸福感水平都有一半左右是生就的。
Not only that, but studies of twins and adoptees have shown that about 50 percent of each person's happiness is determined from birth.
有一对23岁的双胞胎姐妹参加了我们的研究项目，她们的骨密度相当于一个77 岁老妇的骨密度。
研究人员想探究基因和环境所起到的不同的作用，其方法之一就是对同一对双胞胎做研究，因为他们来自相同的基因。
One way for researchers to figure out where genes end and where environment begins is in the study of identical twins, who share the same genes.
科学家一直在双胞胎身上做研究，试图寻找出基因在各个方面所带来的影响，从人们的数学能力到患有乳腺癌的概率。
Scientists have been studying twins to figure out the impact of genes on everything from math ability to predisposition for breast cancer.
在我们对双胞胎的研究中，我们发现那些中年时期适度锻炼的个体在老年时患上痴呆的风险较小。
So in our twin studies, we have found that the twin who has moderate exposure to exercise in midlife is at less risk of becoming demented in old age.
该项研究发现，同卵双胞胎的两个双胞胎儿都患有自闭症的可能性比异卵双胞胎的大。
The study found that the likelihood of both twins being affected by autism was higher among identical than fraternal twins.
一项针对双胞胎开展的最新研究表明，皱纹、红褐斑以及血管瘤等皮肤问题和长时间日晒、吸烟以及体重超标有关。
A new study of twins suggests you can blame those coarse wrinkles, brown or pink spots, and dilated blood vessels on too much time in the sun, smoking, and being overweight.
一项针对双胞胎开展的最新研究表明，皱纹、红褐斑以及血管瘤等皮肤问题和长时间日晒、吸烟以及体重超标有关。
A new study of twins suggests you can blame those coarse wrinkles, brown or pink spots, and dilated blood vessels on too much time in the sun, smoking, and being overweight.
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