原子中的电子数,将近是原子质量的一般。
The number of electrons in an atom is deduced to be approximately equal to half the atomic weight.
光子，即光能束，冲击铬原子中的电子。
The light photons, or bundle of light energy, knock electrons in the chromium atoms.
一道电流在两个电极之间划过，带走空气里父原子中的电子，从而使周遭空气变成等离子体。
A current arcs between them and turns the surrounding air into a plasma by stripping electrons from their parent atoms.
光伏电池的工作原理是一批批的光（光量子）将原子中的电子撞击出来成为自由电子。
Photovoltaic cells depend on packets of light (photons) knocking electrons free from atoms.
当与粒子撞及底米龙时，会受盐类原子中的电子影响而偏折并减速，随之被布料吸收。
When alpha and beta particles strike demron , intervening electrons in the salt atoms deflect and slow them down , whereupon they are absorbed into the material.
并且，在任一个浇满了熔银的坩埚中，银原子中的电子一半是向上转,另一半是向下转。
And, in any arbitrary crucible full of molten silver, half of them are going to be spin-up and half of them are going to be spin-down.
太阳能电池工作的原理在于高能量的可见光和紫外光能把原子中的电子激发为自由电子。
Solar cells work because visible and ultraviolet light are powerful enough to knock electrons free from atoms.
紫外线是电磁波的一种，原子中的电子从高能阶跳到低能阶时，会把多余能量以电磁波释出。
UV is an electromagnetic wave, the electron atoms jump from the high-energy bands at low energy band, will release excess energy in electromagnetic waves.
从原子中的电子对X光散射的概念出发，对任意一个晶胞内的任意一个原子产生的X光衍射给出了具体的数学描述。
From the conception of X ray diffraction of electrons in an atom, the mathematical expression of X ray diffraction for an atom in a crystal cell is given.
我说过什么将它们结合在一起，将两个原子结合在一起的是一个吸引力，其中一个原子中的电子与另一个原子中的原子核之间。
I said what hold the bonds together, what holds two atoms together is the attractive force we have between each electron and the other nucleus.
现在这是一个开始下面内容的好地方，因为我们已经很熟悉电离能了，我们从很久以前就一直在讨论，它是从一个原子中，拿走一个电子所需要消耗的最低能量。
Now this is a good place to start, because we are very familiar with ionization energy, we've been talking about it it's that minimum energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
光照射到这个感应芯片上面然后从硅原子中激发释放出电子，这样就产生了一个电信号然后通过芯片的电子器件转化成图像。
Light striking this detector liberates electrons from some of the silicon atoms, producing an electrical signal that is converted by the chip's electronics into a picture.
MIT的研究者们将较低这个能级用磷原子所带电子来填充，他们加入到锗中的即是这种东西。
MIT researchers fill up the lower-energy state with extra electrons from phosphorous atoms, which they add to the germanium.
其间存在弧电流，还会将周围空气电离，将电子从原子中剥离出来，产生的废物被注入进这些等离子体中。
A current arcs between them and turns the surrounding air into a plasma by stripping electrons from their parent atoms. Waste (chopped up into small pieces if it is solid) is fed into this plasma.
电子绕图中银色的硅晶格中的磷原子的轨道。
The electron orbits a phosphorus atom embedded in the silicon lattice, shown in silver.
那么，我们看到两个分开的氢原子所具有的能量,比原子中没有电子时更低。
So, we see that the two h atoms separate have a certain energy that's lower than when the electron's not with the atom.
在这里是，他因为Pauli不相容原理而出名，这个原理是说同一个原子中的两个电子，不能有相同的第四量子数。
Pauli So, here, Pauli came out on top, we say, and he's known for the Pauli exclusion principle, which tells us that no two electrons in the same atom can have the same four quantum Numbers.
你们为什么不看一下这个然后告诉我对,于一个锂原子中的2s电子哪些是可能,的？它的有效电荷量,可能等于？
So, why don't you take a look at this and tell me which are possible for a 2 s electron in a lithium atom where z 3 is going to be equal to three?
举例来说对于2s轨道，在多电子原子，中可以看到，它的2s轨道的能量低于氢原子的。
For example, for the 2 s, again what you see is that the multi-electron atom, its 2 s orbital is lower in energy than it is for the hydrogen.
在这种光电效应的延伸中，一个光子从原子的边缘打出一个电子，这可能要使物理学家们重新考虑光在什么情况下是波，什么情况下是粒子。
This extension of the photoelectric effect, in which one photon knocks one electron off the edge of an atom, could make physicists reconsider when light is a wave and when it's a particle.
但行星模型其实挺有趣的，按照重要的先后顺序，我们来猜想一下，氢原子中的基态电子会发生些什么？
But it is interesting. Let's just, for an order of magnitude say what happens for ground state electron in atomic hydrogen?
这个想法是由化学中的化学键理论想到的。在这个理论里，人们通常认为原子中形成满壳层的电子对化学键完全没有贡献。
The idea was suggested by the chemical theory of valency in which one is used to the idea of electrons in an atom forming closed shells which do not contribute at all to the valency.
还记得在这个离子中，在原子核周围，抵消它吸引力的电子更少。
Remember in the ion, we're going to have less electrons around to counteract the pull from the nucleus.
这些粒子主要是质子、电子和氦原子核，并且当他们与地球高层大气中的原子核碰撞，就能产生次级粒子簇射。
The particles are generally protons , electrons and helium nuclei and when they collide with nuclei in the Earth's upper atmosphere they can produce shower s of daughter particles.
那么让我们来想一想，拿走一个，2,s，电子所消耗的能量，假设一个是从正一价硼离子中拿走1，另一个是从中性硼原子中拿走。
So let's think about the energy required now to remove a 2 s electron, let's say we're removing it from boron plus 1 versus neutral boron.
利用简单的价电子成键理论，我们预计，要把所有甲烷中没有配对的电子，和氢原子中没有配对的电子配对来形成键。
So, using our simple valence bond theory, what we would expect is that we want to pair up any unpaired electrons in methane with unpaired electrons from hydrogen and form bonds.
当氮原子与碳晶体中的空心点相邻时，氮元素会产生特定的电子，这些电子可以移动到那个空心点里。
When a nitrogen atom sits next to a vacant spot in the carbon crystal, the intruding element provides an extra electron that moves into the hole.
因为我写了两个量子数，一样的电子，但这是在两个不同原子中啊。
He has two electrons here with the same set of quantum Numbers. B but these are two separate hydrogen atoms.
在每个理论中，其它原素原子的化学性质，都与从最近的单原子气体的电子构型得失电子，紧密相连。
In each theory, the chemical properties of atoms of other elements were tied to the gain or loss of electrons from the configuration of the nearest monatomic gas.
在每个理论中，其它原素原子的化学性质，都与从最近的单原子气体的电子构型得失电子，紧密相连。
In each theory, the chemical properties of atoms of other elements were tied to the gain or loss of electrons from the configuration of the nearest monatomic gas.
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