基因是制造蛋白质的指导性有机体。
绝大多数基因通过制造蛋白质的过程而起作用。
要做到这一点，研究小组不得不重新设计了制造蛋白质的三个细胞机制。
To achieve this, the team had to redesign three pieces of the cellular machinery that make proteins.
基因是一段dna双股螺旋，其中携带了制造蛋白质的编码资讯。
Genes are segments of the DNA double helix that encode the information for making proteins.
这是进化的关键点，Berg博士说，当RNA学会如何制造蛋白质的那一刻。
“This is a key point in evolution, ” Dr. Berg said, “when RNA learned to make proteins.”
它的职能之一是充当信使将遗传信息从细胞核运送至制造蛋白质的机器——核糖体。
One of its jobs is to act as a messenger carrying genetic information from a cell's nucleus to the machinery which makes proteins.
希望在于对核糖结构的了解能使人们更深入了解核糖制造蛋白质的基本生物学原理。
The hope is that understanding the ribosome's structure will lead to a deeper understanding of the basic biology by which the ribosome makes proteins.
Berg博士说，蛋白质似乎是后来加上去的。也就是说，核糖体是一个RNA为基础的工厂，进化出制造蛋白质的能力。
The protein seems to have been added later, which means the ribosome is "an RNA-based machine that evolved the ability to make proteins."
不像大多数编码为DNA和产生蛋白质的基因那样，这些微小基因的作用是通过控制更大的信使RNAs，传递DNA制造蛋白质的指令。
Unlike most genes that are encoded as DNA and produce proteins, these tiny genes act by controlling much larger messenger RNAs, which carry the protein-making instructions of the DNA.
选择性拼接也不肯帮忙：它可以被看作另外一种例外——RNA还能自我复制，然后制造出一揽子形形色色的蛋白质。
Alternative splicing didn't help either: it could be argued that it represents a case of RNA making itself, then making a bunch of different proteins.
她和其他四只猎兔犬都能制造一种可以在紫外线照射下发红光的荧光蛋白质。
She and four other beagles all produce a fluorescent protein that glows red under ultraviolet light.
信使RNA分子将指令传递到一个叫核糖体的细胞结构上，核糖体再根据指令制造蛋白质。
The RNA messenger molecules relay them to structures known as ribosomes that read them and make proteins accordingly.
记忆合成指令被编译成DNA上的密码，用来制造蛋白质，帮助恢复记忆合成的能力。
The memory-formation instructions encoded in the DNA can be used to make proteins, helping restore memory formation.
切奇在研究制造核糖体——由许多蛋白质和RNA组成的复杂设计——从零开始。
Dr Church is working on making ribosomes—complex contraptions with dozens of protein and RNA components—from scratch.
瓦赫宁根大学正在引领一项有关提取昆虫蛋白质用于食品制造的可行性的研究。
Wageningen University is leading research into the viability of extracting insect protein for use in food products.
如果将其移植到细胞的蛋白质之中，它可以令细胞发挥更多功能 –不仅仅是“制造更多的蛋白质X”。
When translated into protein in a cell, it makes that cell do something—and that something is often more than just “make more of protein X”.
但我们不是用传统方式去一个一个建造这些蛋白质块状物质，我们的新方法几乎可以制造出无限的数量。
But instead of building these protein building blocks individually the way traditional methods do now, this new technique can make almost an unlimited number of them.
每一个DNA分子中的基因都带着命令制造出一种独一无二的蛋白质。
Each gene in a DNA molecule carries the instructions for making a single kind of protein.
这种休眠细胞不会自己制造大量蛋白质，因此病毒无法介入蛋白质生产过程——它们就是借此繁殖的。
Such cells on sabbatical do not churn out many proteins of their own, so the virus cannot hijack the protein-manufacturing process—which is how it reproduces.
这类奶粉中发现含有三聚氰胺，它是一种制造塑料的化学物质，后来被无良厂家添加到食品里以降低向其中添加蛋白质的成本。
Melamine, a chemical used in the making of plastic, was found in the baby formula; it later emerged that unscrupulous manufacturers had been adding it to food products to cheaply boost protein values.
植入这种基因大约六小时后，肺脏中的细胞开始制造出一种对抗炎症感染的蛋白质。
About six hours after injection, the cells start producing proteins that combat the damaging inflammation.
所以，DNA分子中基因的工作就是告诉细胞制造为了身体正常运转所需的不同的的化学物(蛋白质)。
The job of genes in a DNA molecule, therefore, is to tell cells how to manufacture all the different chemical compounds (proteins) they need to make in order to function properly.
你会发现，几乎所有的人制造的牛奶的蛋白质。
You will find that virtually all of them are manufactured with cow's milk protein.
在速溶奶制品中此类用于制造塑料的化学物品的目的是为了提高蛋白质含量。
The chemical which is used in making plastic, is believed to have been used to make foods such as watered-down milk appear to be higher in protein.
别的设备用来制造各种原料，包括用于医学研究的蛋白质晶体。
Other equipment produces various materials, including protein crystals for medical research.
结果发现，超过1500种基因的高等基因表达(genetic expression)知道需要为创造出新的神经元而制造蛋白质。
The result was much higher genetic expression of over 1500 genes known to make proteins needed for the creation of new neurons.
Baker及其同事的实验，代号自然2号，试验中，他们消灭了老鼠身上一种制造p 16ink4a蛋白质的细胞。
Baker and colleagues' experiment, described Nov. 2 in Nature, killed mouse cells producing a protein called p16Ink4a.
基因的功能是制造蛋白质。
基因的功能是制造蛋白质。
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