这些断裂可由于紫外照射或X射线引起，同时也可在DNA分子一分为二的细胞分裂过程中发生。
These breaks can, for instance, be caused by ultraviolet light or X-rays, but also occur during cell division, when DNA molecules split and form two new DNA molecules.
本文以生物教学中细胞有丝分裂过程为例，探讨了合作学习的实施及其意义，阐述了合作精神的培养途径。
Taking the process of cell mitosis as example, this essay discusses the implementing of cooperative study and its significance, and also explains the way of fostering cooperative spirit.
准确的染色体分离依赖于有丝分裂过程的精确调控，包括有丝分裂的时间，及纺锤体检查点的正确调控等。
Accurate chromosome segregation depends on the precise regulation of mitotic progression, including the timing of mitosis and proper regulation of spindle assembly checkpoint.
黑尔曾研究大脑的突触如何工作，莫尔纳观察过与亨廷顿氏症有关的蛋白质，贝慈葛跟踪过胚胎中的细胞分裂过程。
Hell has studied how brain synapses work, Dr. Moerner has looked at proteins related to Huntington's disease and Dr. Betzig has tracked cell division inside embryos.
几十年来，传统的理论认为X染色体与减数分裂以及男性不育无关，因为在男性减数分裂过程中X染色体被沉默掉了。
For decades, conventional wisdom stated that the X chromosome had little to do with meiosis or infertility because the X chromosome is silenced during male meiosis.
减数分裂过程中染色体行为异常的花粉母细胞约占10.28%；雄配子体发育过程中异常频率约为3.2%，败育主要发生在单核期。
In meiosis, the pollen mother cells that abnormally acted made up about 10.28% and the male gametophytes abnormally acted at a frequency of 3.2% and mainly aborted at uninucleate stage.
在陆地棉小孢子发生过程中，相邻的减数分裂细胞壁中的细胞质通道是一个明显的特征。
The cytoplasmic channel in the wall of adjacent meiocytes was an obvious feature during microsporogenesis in Gossypium hirsutum.
美国俄克拉荷马州医学研究基金会的科学家们第一次成功地将细胞分裂的过程加以逆转，这一医学技术上的突破可能会最终使人类获得治愈癌症及其它多种疾病的有效办法。
Now scientists have for the first time reversed the process of cell division, a breakthrough that could eventually lead to treatments for cancer and other disorders.
NRGN可能是一种候选药物靶标，因为它显然在调控记忆和认知方面很重要，这些过程常常在精神分裂症中被扰乱。
NRGN may be a candidate drug target, as it appears to play an important role in regulating both memory and cognition, processes that are often perturbed in schizophrenics.
研究者还不知道在分子水平是什么激发细胞分裂，但是认识到这个过程以及如何控制它可以通往安全的有效的干细胞治疗道路。
Researchers don't know yet what sparks cell division at the molecular level, but learning that process and how to control it could lead to a safe, effective stem cell therapy.
研究人员声称，涉及到大量普通基因变异表明精神分裂症在不同的人身上可以最终追踪到不同(distinct ？)的疾病过程。
This involvement of many common gene variants suggests that schizophrenia in different people might ultimately be traceable to distinct disease processes, say the researchers.
由于MEL - 28蛋白在整个细胞分裂的过程中一直与DNA粘附在一起，科学见因此相信它在核膜形成的早期扮演了关键的角色。
Because MEL-28 remains attached to DNA during the entire process of cell division, the scientists believe it plays a crucial role early in the formation of the envelope.
结论提示精神分裂症患者中枢神经系统存在免疫反应，这种免疫反应可能参与了精神分裂症发病的病理过程。
Conclusion We can presume schizophrenic patient maybe exist immunoactivation in the CNS by this study, and it probably plays an important role in pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
复制DNA的酶在细胞分裂时不是100%有效，少量dna在复制过程中从每一串的端部丢失。
The enzymes that replicate DNA when a cell divides are not 100% efficient, and a small amount of DNA gets lost from the end of each strand during replication.
这些相互作用控制了许多关键的细胞生理过程，譬如细胞分裂、细胞信号传导、离子运输、稳态水平、基因转录、翻译等等。
These interactions drive critically important cellular processes such as cell division, cell signaling, ion transportation, homeostasis, gene transcription, and translation, etc.
中心体作为细胞的主要微管组织中心，在细胞周期过程中建立两极纺锤体，调节细胞有丝分裂，从而对维持染色体的稳定起着重要的作用。
The centrosome, the major microtubule organizing center regulates cell division through forming bipolar mitotic spindles and plays an essential role in the maintenance of chromosomal stability.
哺乳动物细胞的DNA复制启动是一个高度协调的过程，从而保证了每次细胞分裂中基因组只复制一次。
The initiation of DNA replication in mammalian cells is a highly coordinated process that ensures duplication of the genome only once per cell division cycle.
由根尖产生并向地上运输的细胞分裂素在克服顶端优势，促进侧芽生长的过程中必不可少。
From root the sharp creation combine the cell division vegetable that transports toward the ground Be overcoming the top advantage, promote the essential to have in the process of the side bud growth.
比如两个互不来往的父亲和母亲，生活在还在的空间内，就有可能导致还在在心理发育过程中的人格分裂。
Such as the two are not mutually between the father and mother still live in the space, it may lead to psychological development is still in the process of split personality.
结论行为治疗在改善慢性精神分裂症阴性症状，促进康复过程中有明显的治疗作用。
Conclusions Behavior therapy can improve the negative symptoms of the patients with chronic schizophrenia and has obvious treatment effect during recovery process.
我们的发现表明，细胞类型的直接转变是逐步完成的，而且这个去分化的过程能够在无细胞分裂的情况下发生。
Our findings suggest that direct cell type conversion occurs via successive steps, and that dedifferentiation can occur in the absence of cell division.
衰老过程中IAA氧化酶和细胞分裂素氧化酶活性的上升可能是导致内源激素含量下降的重要原因。
The increasing of IAA oxidase and cytokinin oxidase activities may play a vital role in regulating endogenous IAA and cytokinin contents during the senescence.
并对四倍体刺槐无性系试管苗不定根的发育过程进行了解剖观察，结果表明试管苗嫩梢无潜伏根原基，不定根由诱生根原基发育形成，诱生根原基源于髓射线细胞的分裂和分化。
Latent root primordium was not found in shoots in test tubes. The induced root primordium which originated from the division and differentiation of pith ray cell developed into the adventitious roots.
以离体油菜子叶为材料，研究了营养胁迫诱导的子叶衰老过程中吲哚乙酸氧化酶（IAA氧化酶）和细胞分裂素氧化酶活性的变化。
The activities of IAA oxidase and cytokinin oxidase were studied during the senescence induced by inorganic nutrition deprivation using detached rape cotyledons.
除了要积极地配合医生的科学治疗外，精神分裂症怎么调养的问题在该病的整个治疗过程中也起着举足轻重的作用。
In addition to actively cooperate with the scientific medical treatment, how nursed back to health problems in schizophrenia, the disease throughout the treatment process also plays an important role.
促分裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）级联途径信号通路在真核生物细胞信号的转换和放大过程中起重要作用。
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade plays an important role in signal conversion and amplification of extracellular stimuli in eukaryotic organisms.
促有丝分裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号传导途径与细胞生长、分化、凋亡等密切相关，在介导细胞凋亡过程中起着重要作用。
Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway may closely associated with cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis, it may play an important role in cell death.
促有丝分裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号传导途径与细胞生长、分化、凋亡等密切相关，在介导细胞凋亡过程中起着重要作用。
Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway may closely associated with cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis, it may play an important role in cell death.
应用推荐