与寿命相比，这种关系是“反向的”：生物体越大，其代谢率越低。
In comparison to the life span this relationship is "inverted": the larger the organism the lower its metabolic rate.
第一种是自发的新陈代谢系统，它的控制集中在脑干上。
The first is an automatic, metabolic system whose control is centered in the brain stem.
在睡眠期间，自动的新陈代谢系统对血液中二氧化碳和氧气的含量反应并不灵敏。
During sleep the automatic metabolic system is less responsive to carbon dioxide levels and oxygen levels in the blood.
他们测试了男子的体能和静止代谢率，并采集了他们的血液和脂肪组织样本。
They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic rates and took samples of their blood and fat tissue.
现代鸟类拥有比最敏捷的的迅猛龙还要高的新陈代谢率。
Modern birds have higher metabolism rates than even the most agile Velociraptor ever had.
这些基因中有许多产生的蛋白质可以改善人体的血糖调节和胰岛素水平，因此它们与改善的代谢健康有关。
Many of these genes produce proteins that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health.
当它们发现干旱期延长时，它们会改变自己的新陈代谢，在它们的组织中产生糖和某些与应激相关的蛋白质和其他物质。
When they detect an extended dry period, they divert their metabolisms, producing sugars and certain stress-associated proteins and other materials in their tissues.
严寒可以使身体新陈代谢的速度下降。
糖尿病患者不能使葡萄糖进行恰当的新陈代谢。
你的新陈代谢率就是你身体将食物转换成能量的速度。
Your metabolic rate is the speed at which your body transforms food into energy.
当鲸鱼潜水时，它的新陈代谢率下降，导致心跳减慢。
When a whale dives, its metabolic rate drops, causing its heartbeat to slow down.
生长、繁殖和日常的新陈代谢都需要有机体来消耗能量。
Growth, reproduction, and daily metabolism all require an organism to expend energy.
体型大的动物比体型小的需要更多食物，但体型小的动物有更高的代谢率。
Larger animals require more food than smaller animals, but smaller animals have a higher metabolic rate.
他们的新陈代谢率很低。
它们缺乏储水结构，而且它们长在岩石表面，这阻止了它们利用地下水，所以它们反而形成了改变新陈代谢的能力。
They lack water-storing structures, and their existence on rock faces prevents them from tapping groundwater, so they have instead developed the ability to change their metabolism.
这种代谢消耗可能是由于唱歌或与唱歌相关的行为中涉及的肌肉和神经活动所产生的。
This metabolic cost may arise from the muscular and neural activity involved in singing or from behaviors associated with singing.
糖尿病是由一组代谢紊乱引起的，代谢紊乱后，血糖水平长期偏高。
Diabetes is caused by a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a long period of time.
如果你研究两性的代谢率，你就会发现，男性较高的代谢率大致解释了为何他们寿命较短。
If you examine the metabolic rates of the two sexes you establish that the higher male metabolic rate roughly accounts for the lower male life span.
更大的体重意味着代谢成本增加，导致了夜间体重损失增加。
The increased metabolic cost of possessing higher body mass contributes to the increased overnight mass loss.
从常规的新陈代谢转换为几乎无水的新陈代谢会消耗大量的能量。
There's a high energy cost in switching from a regular metabolism to an almost-no-water metabolism.
一旦开始生长，这些植物似乎就不再具有暂停其茎叶新陈代谢的能力。
Once they start growing, such plants seem not to retain the ability to hit the pause button on metabolism in their stems or leaves.
“耐旱”植物和这些顽强植物之间的一大区别在于：新陈代谢。
The big difference between "drought-tolerant" plants and these tough plants: metabolism.
赫胥黎推断，会飞的脊椎动物一定是温血动物，因为飞行意味着较高的新陈代谢率，而新陈代谢率又意味着较高的内部温度。
Huxley reasoned that flying vertebrates must have been warm-blooded because flying implies a high rate of metabolism, which in turn implies a high internal temperature.
放松会降低代谢率，充足的睡眠也会降低代谢率，总的来说，人的性格也会变得平和沉稳。
Relaxation lowers metabolic rate, as does adequate sleep and in general an equable and balanced personality.
这减缓了植物的新陈代谢，保护了其干枯的组织。
That slows the plant's metabolism and protects its dried-out tissues.
城市是质量和能量的特殊处理器，有着自己的新陈代谢。
The city is an extraordinary processor of mass and energy and has its own metabolism.
氧气在细胞呼吸的新陈代谢过程中是必不可少的，它能使细胞有效地从有机食物中获取能量。
Oxygen is essential for the metabolic process known as cell respiration that allows cells to efficiently harvest energy from organic food.
一些科学家认为，许多种类的恐龙的新陈代谢更像温血哺乳动物，而不是冷血爬行动物。
Some scientists contend that many species of dinosaur had a metabolism more like a warm-blooded mammal's than a cold-blooded reptile's.
它可能通过食欲控制激素的活动来干扰身体的新陈代谢。
It interferes with the body's metabolism, possibly via the activity of an appetite-controlling hormone.
就像寿命一样，不同生物的新陈代谢率与身体质量有着固定的数学关系。
Like the life span, the metabolic rate has for different organisms a fixed mathematical relationship to the body mass.
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