在1960年之前，地质学家鲍温和赫斯在地球上是否存在产生富含镁的岩浆所需的高温这一问题上存在分歧。
Prior to 1960, geologists Bowen and Hess disagreed over whether or not the very high temperatures needed to produce magmas rich in magnesium could have existed on Earth.
在意大利的埃特纳火山，几百度的高温将这一池炽热的橙色岩浆与坚硬的灰色地壳分开。
A few hundred degrees separates this pool of fiery orange magma in Italy's Mount Etna from its hardened, gray crust.
火山气体与岩浆加热地下水，使之变成一种高温的酸性水，将演岩石溶解为泥浆。
Volcanic gases and magma heat the groundwater, turning it in a hot acid that dissolves rock into a slurry of mud and clay.
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