第二种方法是指标，指标是根据事件或预定义变量定义的公式计算出的值。

The second approach is metrics, which is the value calculated by the formula defined by events or pre-defined variables.

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这种分析包括计算源代码指标、根据预定义模式筛查潜在的 bug 和发现是否违反编程约定和规则。

Such analysis includes calculation of source-code metrics, detection of potential bugs based on defined patterns, and discovery of violations of coding conventions and rules.

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