难点在于，W和Z都是重粒子。

The rub was that both W and Z are heavy.

youdao

重粒子碰撞过程的研究对于基础物理和应用来说都有重要意义。

Ion-atom collision ionization plays an important role in both of the fundamental physics and practical applications.

youdao

依靠加速器产生的重粒子进行单粒子翻转的模拟实验，是一种有效的验证方法。

It is an efficacious method to simulate the SEU with Heavy Ion produced by Accelerator.

youdao

And what was known about alpha particles at the time is that they were these charged particles and that they were very heavy.

当时对alpha粒子的理解,是它们是带电的而且非常重，有谁知道的,比Rutherford时代的多吗。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, what he could conclude thus far was that this was really consistent with the Plum Pudding model. All of his heavily-charged alpha particles were going right through this thin layer of gold atoms.

和布丁模型是吻合的,所有的重alpha粒子,都穿过金原子,你们也许会觉得,他可以就此。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选