要在避免灾难发生的同时综合考虑施工成本及难度，合理确定隧道与溶洞的安全距离是关键。
To avoid disasters, while take the construction costs and difficulties into account, determining a reasonable distance between tunnel and karst cave is of great important.
为了在结构出现严重破坏或者倒塌之前找出这些缺陷和损伤并加以处理避免灾难发生，人们开始对结构进行损伤检测和健康监测等研究。
Serious damage to the structure or to find flaws before the collapse and damage and deal with them avoid disaster, people began to structural damage detection and health monitoring study.
飞行员们不得不采取紧急措施以避免灾难的发生。
The pilots had to take emergency action to avoid a disaster.
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