这些成本预测方法是通过分析或者模拟的形式，从Palladio模型(PCM的实例)中计算出标准结果(例如反应时间)。
The approaches, by means of analyse or simulation, calculate metrics (e.g. response time) from Palladio models (instance of the PCM).
通过直接观察和分析23个全球气候变化模式的计算机模型的数据，研究人员作出预测，气候变化将对这些地区的谷物种植造成十分可怕的影响。
The effect on crop-growing in those regions would be dire, according to the projections based on direct observations and data culled from 23 computer models on the planet's evolving climate patterns.
通过直接观察和分析23个全球气候变化模式的计算机模型的数据，研究人员作出预测，气候变化将对这些地区的谷物种植造成十分可怕的影响。
The effect on crop-growing in those regions would be dire , according to the projections based on direct observations and data culled from 23 computer models on the planet's evolving climate patterns.
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