令人吃惊的回答是：通过星际尘埃。
至今星际尘埃是通过测量长于红外线的波长的强度和发光颜色来权衡。
The present day interstellar dust is weighed by measuring the intensity and color of emission at longer infrared wavelengths.
丝状尘埃云的宽度暗示它们是形成自一些通过中等大小正在收缩的星际尘埃和气体的恒星然后爆发后的激波而成。
The filaments have widths that suggest they are formed as shockwaves from exploding stars travel through the medium, sweeping up and compressing the interstellar dust and gas.
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