逆转点法亦称跟踪法。陀螺定向的一种传统方法。定向时,使陀螺经纬仪的照准部连续地跟踪陀螺转子轴的摆动,记录其逆转点在水平度盘上的读数,取5~7个读数,采用舒勒平均值法,或托马斯平均值法,或相关平差法,可得真北方向在度盘上的读数,若再观测某一待定向方向的角值,即可得到该方向的方向值。该法属于无扭观测,要使照准部处于跟踪状态,对观测人员在技术上要求较高。
目前陀螺初寻北大多还是采用逆转点法,影响寻北速度且难以实现仪器自动化。
Reversal point method which is adopted by gyroscope to seek north at present reduces the speed of north-seeking and is hard to make the instrument automatic.
本文采用间接平差公式推导了逆转点法定向的严密计算公式,并与舒勒平均值及托马斯平均值作了比较。
The rigorous formula of gyroscopic orientation using turning points method is derived by L. S. adjustment in the paper. The comparisons to the Schuler and Thomas average are studied.
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