迈锡尼人(Mycenaean)在公元前 1600 年至 1100 年群居在希腊伯罗奔尼撒(Peloponnesus)半岛的东南岸,与迈诺安文化极为相近。自从 1870 年德国一位考古学家舒莱曼(Heinrich Shliemann)在迈锡尼进行挖掘,发现了巨大的宫殿堡垒,并有金器与用具等,证实了荷马史诗伊利亚特〔Iliad〕中所记载的故事,因此才确定迈锡尼人是最早的希腊部落的后代。
迈锡尼文明(MycenaeanCivilization)是古希腊青铜器时代的最后阶段,迈锡尼人(Mycenaean)的种种作为,成了后来古希腊文献和神话的历史背景,其中包括我们大家知道的荷马英雄史诗。
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我认为注意这一点很重要,在迈锡尼文明社会中占据重要位置的大都市中,有些被希腊人完全放弃了,不再重建它们。
I think it's very important to notice that some of these places that were big in the Mycenaean world were entirely abandoned and not settled again by the Greeks.
So, the fact that this was a Greek script that was available in the Mycenaean Period tells us very confidently that the Mycenaeans were Greeks.
所以,这个在迈锡尼时期出现的,希腊语书写方法,让我们有足够理由说,迈锡尼人就是希腊人
He suggests that there were, indeed, Greek tribes from the north who spoke Dorian dialects, who came down during this period attempting to come into the richer and better settled world of the Mycenaeans.
他认为,事实上,的确有一些,来自北方的说多里安方言的希腊部落,他们在这个时期南下试图进入,更富裕更舒适的迈锡尼人的居住地
The notion that this is about the Mycenaean world is an outlier, and then I would say the largest consensus is something like Finley's consensus, but people verging in both directions from that.
那些认为这是关于,迈锡尼时期的观点的人也是无知的,我想芬利的观点大概是最主流的,但是人们似乎理解地有些极端
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