本部分主要介绍表面皱皮（积碳）、呛火、气孔、尺寸超差及变形等缺陷的产生原因和防止方法。
The reason and prevention of four kinds defects including surface wrinkled skin (carbon built-up), chock, blow hole, deformation, was introduced in this part of the article.
晶体的靠近表面的区域缺陷较密集，中心部分较少。
The density of crystal defects in the region near the crystal surface is greater than that in the center.
例如，我们可以模拟，在一个平面很小的一部分上大约有100个水分子，或者在一个有着很明确的缺陷的表面。
For instance, we can model a few hundred water molecules on a small segment of a flat surface or a surface with some very well-defined defects.
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