在这个大爆炸模型里有一系列的自由参数必须由我们的对宇宙观测数据来确定。
There are a number of free parameters in this family of Big Bang models that must be fixed by observations of our universe.
波究瓦德发现这两个自由参数是互补的，代表了大爆炸前后宇宙总量的量子不确定性。
The two free parameters, which Bojowald found were complementary, represent the quantum uncertainty in the total volume of the universe before and after the Big Bang.
通过适当选择满足一些约束的自由参数，仅使用单一观测器实现了鲁棒故障检测与分离设计。
By appropriately choosing the free parameter satisfying some constraints, the robust fault detection and isolation scheme is realized by employing only one observer-based residual generator.
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