这个人就是查理斯•罗伯特•达尔文，这本书叫做《物种起源》，而发起的挑战则是基于自然选择说的进化论。

The book was “On the Origin of Species”. And the challenge was the theory of evolution by natural selection.

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但是，Lovelock坚信自然母亲的“行事”与达尔文的进化论一致，没有有意识的计划或者智慧。

But Lovelock believes that other Nature ACTS in accord with Darwinian evolution, with no conscious plan or intelligence.

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这篇采访稿描述了查尔斯·达尔文如何成为大自然的学生，在什么情况下开始思考进化论以及他的信仰危机。

An "interview" with Charles Darwin in which he describes how he became a student of nature, his initiation into the theory of evolution, and his religious scruples.

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If evolution is survival of the fittest, nature red in tooth and claw, how could animals evolve moral feelings?

如果进化论是讲适者生存，在弱肉强食的自然界，动物怎么能进化出道德情感？

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选