通过紫外线光电子光谱和光学吸收的测量，研究人员测定了纳米晶体中电子的最低激发态能级。

By using UV photoelectron spectroscopy and optical absorption measurements, the researchers determined the energy of the lowest excited electronic states in the nanocrystals.

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电子是按其能量递增顺序，排布在轨道上的，首先占满第一级，即最低能级。

Electrons will occupy orbitals in order of ascending energy, occupying the lowest energy first and up.

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I think most and you are familiar with the Aufbau or the building up principle, you probably have seen it quite a bit in high school, and this is the idea that we're filling up our energy states, again, which depend on both n and l, one electron at a time starting with that lowest energy and then working our way up into higher and higher orbitals.

我认为你们大多数熟悉奥弗堡,或者构建原理，你们可能,在高中见过它，又一次,这是我们填充能级的观点，与n和l有关，一个电子每次从,最低的能级开始,然后以我们的方式上升到,更高更高的轨道。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选