假设“货币乘数”——商业银行能够在它们准备金基础上扩张信贷的倍数，是10：1。

Suppose that the "money multiplier" -the multiple that commercial Banks can pyramid on top of reserves, is 10:1.

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相反，央行一直在确保商业银行能够按造央行制定的目标控制借贷总量，不过商业银行一向是超额放贷。

Instead, the central bank has been trying to make sure commercial Banks keep within their lending targets, which Banks habitually exceed.

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