最后一个模型是“ 推论阶梯”，在彼得•圣吉的《第五项修炼》中有所提及。
The final model was the “ Ladder of Inference” mentioned in Peter Senge’s “Fifth Disclipine”.
“第五项”修炼，将组织视为一个整体，视为一个行为模式区别于其他组成个体的事物的能力。
The "fifth" discipline, the ability to see the organisation as a whole, as something with its own behaviour patterns separate from those of the individuals who are its constituent parts.
《第五项修炼：学习型组织的艺术与实践》，初版/道布尔迪出版社，纽约，1990；第二次修订，兰登书屋商务书籍出版社，2006
“The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organisation”, Currency/Doubleday, New York, 1990; 2nd revised edn, Random House Business Books, 2006
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