在天体物理学中，引力作用量描述了在被物质和能量弯曲的时空中如何形成引力的机理。
In astrophysics, a gravitational action is the mechanism that describes how gravity can emerge from space-time being curved by matter and energy.
例如，当恒星发出的光经过一个星系附近，其路径会弯曲，改变恒星出现在天空中的位置——这就是所谓的引力透镜效应。
When light from a star passes near a galaxy, for example, its path bends, changing where the star appears in the sky-the so-called gravitational lensing effect.
而事实上，物质、能量和暗能量在时空中都会产生弯曲。
Matter, energy and dark energy all produce curvature in space-time, however.
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