...需要,是无限多样 永无饱和之日的,而用于满足这些无限 需要的手段,也就是用来提供这些物品 和劳务的生产资源是稀缺的(Scarce), 才产生了经济问题,经济学才有了用武 之地。
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需要石油的国家正在互相撕咬以锁定稀缺的石油供应,并且,无论这种事会多么令人不愉快,它们都愿意与任何政府打交道。
Countries that need oil are clawing at each other to lock up scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, no matter how unpleasant, to do it.
如果一个以上的物种竞争稀缺的资源,竞争的物种通常会转向不同的替代资源。
If more than one species is competing for a scarce resource, the competing species usually switch to different alternative resources.
造成这种稀缺的一个原因是挪威公司管理层中女性相当少——她们占据了约15%的高级职位。
One reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies—they occupy around 15% of senior positions.
Life for Hobbes is competition or struggle not just over scarce resources, although that might be part of the struggle, but for honors, for anything else that a person might value or esteem.
对霍布斯来说,生活是一次竞争或斗争,不是争夺稀缺的资源,虽然这也可能是斗争的一部分,而是为荣誉,为一个人的,价值和自尊而战。
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