放牧作为一种干扰因子，通过对群落地上部分和土壤的影响，导致地下部分的生产力和物质周转率的变化。
Grazing not only directly affects above ground part of grass communities and grassland soil, also indirectly influences underground productivity and material turnover.
净销售除以总资产。一种如何使用资产产生收入的测量方法，也称总资产周转率。
Net sales divided by total assets. This is a measure of how well assets are being used to produce revenue. Also called total asset turnover.
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