另外还有一大障碍，那就是电池的大小：目前，锂离子电池仍然太大。
The other big hurdle is size: the batteries are still too big. Alok Jha
(可以通过离子穿过通道需要的时间来鉴别，因为通过时间取决于离子的大小)。
(Ions can be identified by how long it takes them to cross the channel, which depends on their size).
根据多普勒效应，光被离子反射后，靠近激光器的光的频率会高于远离激光器的光的频率，（日常生活中，救护车警报器的音调随着车的远近也变化，就是这个道理）这才有可能测量先前对离子施加的力的大小。
(An everyday example of this effect is the change of pitch of an ambulance siren as it approaches and recedes.) It was thus possible to measure the force applied to the ions.
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