锻造工艺不当也会出现晶粒大或不均，硬化裂纹现象，锻造成本高于铸造法兰。
Improper forging process will also appear large grain or uneven, hardening crack phenomenon, forging cost is higher than the casting flange.
混凝土结构在硬化早期产生的各类缺陷，包括裂缝、裂纹、裂隙等，是导致工程耐久性破坏的主要内在诱因之一。
Early deficiencies of concrete building, including flaws, cracks, and fractures, have been thought one of principal intrinsic predisposing causes, which lead to structure durability inactivation.
研究表明，大量规则分布、互不重叠的合金化区及其周围的相变硬化区从总体上降低了疲劳裂纹扩展速率，提高了材料的疲劳寿命。
It is shown that a regular pattern distribution of scattered alloying zones which surrounded by phase transformation zone can retard the fatigue crack growth rate and improve the fatigue life.
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