生物钟相关基因相继被分离鉴定，它们及其编码的蛋白质产物构成的自主调节的转录和翻译反馈环是生物钟运转的分子机制。

The clock genes and the coded protein comprise the self-sustaining feedback loop that can regulate both on the transcriptional and on the translational level.

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前言： 近年来，一些不依赖于转录因子活性的新型双杂交系统相继建立，如分离的泛素系统、 蛋白质片段互补分析、 阻遏物重构分析和SOS恢复系统等。

Some new type of two-hybrid systems, such as split-ubiquitin system, protein-fragment complementation assay, repressor reconstitution assay and SOS recruitment system, have been developed recently.

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