应用程序表示层由jsp、servlet或portlet组成，它们从后端(或业务逻辑)获取程序数据，然后创建布局HTML(或其它标记语言)。
The application presentation layer is composed of JSPs, servlets, or portlets that get the program data from the back-end (or business logic) and create the layout HTML (or another markup language).
在本文的示例中，您更改了在物理层实现消息路由的假设和做法，并将其向上移动到了逻辑层中，并在那里由集群进行管理。
In this example, you changed the assumption and practice of implementing message routing at the physical layer and moved it up into a logical layer where it is managed by the cluster.
他们讨论了一个有两层的应用程序结构：底层由一些功能组件组成，上层则由应用程序的流逻辑组成。
They discussed an application structure with two layers: the bottom layer is made up of functional components, while the top consists of the flow logic of the application.
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