物质波,又称德布罗意波,即函数为概率波,它的模方指空间中某点某时刻可能出现的几率密度,其中概率密度的大小受波动规律的支配。量子力学认为微观粒子没有确定的位置,在不测量时,它同时出现在任何位置,即出现在这里也出现在那里,一旦测量,就得到它的其中一个本征值即观测到的位置。对其它可观测量亦呈现出一种分布,观测时得到其中一个本征值,物质波于宏观尺度下表现为对几率波函数的期望值,不确定性失效可忽略不计。
有物质波,这很重要。
人们能轻松的,讨论单个光子,现在我们要说物质波了。
People are very comfortable talking about individual photons, but now we can talk about waves of matter.
这个发现揭示了万有引力的起源和物质波的本质。
All these show the origin of gravitation and reveal the essence of matter wave.
But we can use equations that describe waves to describe matter, and that's what we're going to be doing today.
但我们可以用描述波的方程,来描述物质,这就是我们今天要做的。
What he did was took de Broglie motion of the electron as a wave and developed a wave equation for such matter waves.
他所做的就是,用电子的德布罗意运动,作为波并且对于那种物质波,给出波动方程。
But let's just try maybe one of the basic questions they could ask, and they can say, all right, de Broglie, so you say that all matter, absolutely all matter has wave-like behavior.
让我们试一试他们,可能问到的一个基础问题,他们会说,好的,德布罗意,你说所有的物质,所有物质绝对会有波的特性。
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