牛顿图是以气体的逸变系数为纵坐标，以对比压力π=p/pc（pc为临界压力）为横坐标，绘出的等对比温度τ=T/Tc（Tc为临界温度）线的图。
第一个色圈图正是由爱萨克·牛顿爵士于1666年设计的。
The first circular color diagram was designed by Sir Isaac Newton in 1666.
斯图克利写道，牛顿告诉他，当年正是在这样的情景中，正是在苹果树下，他的脑子里迸发出了地球引力的概念。
Stukeley wrote that Newton told him the notion of gravity popped into the scientist's mind as he was sitting in the same situation.
从牛顿公式及其图象出发，讨论理想光具组的纵向共轭性质，举例说明其实际应用。
From Newton formula and its image, this essay discusses the longitudinal conjugated property of ideal optical system and explains the practical applications by giving examples.
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