作为应用的例子，计算了QED的双圈热力学势及其重整化。

As an example, we app it to calculate the thermodynamic potential of two-loop QED and the renormalization.

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利用粒子-空穴振荡表象考虑热力学势，我们要检验它是否能给出正则费米表象一样的结果。

Consider the thermodynamic potential using the particle-hole oscillator representation. We are going to check if it gives the same result as the canonical Fermi representation.

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采用有限温度下维数正规化的方法在任意协变规范下精确地计算了双圈QED的热力学势及其交叉发散。

The dimensional regularization at finite temperature is applied to calculate accurately the thermodynamic potential of two-loop QED and the overlapping divergences at arbitrary gauge.

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But because in many cases we can reasonably either model or measure equations of state, collect data for a material for its temperature, pressure, volume relations, then in fact if we can relate all these quantities to those then in fact we really can calculate essentially all of the thermodynamics. For the material.

但是因为在很多情况下,我们能够合理的给出状态方程的模型,或者通过收集一个物质的，温度，压强和体积之间的关系,来测量其状态方程，所以实际上我们可以给出压强等物理量,和热力学势之间的关系,并计算出所有的热力学势，对于给定的物质。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选