只有大约一半的消费者支出按20%的标准增值税税率纳税，这一比例与其他富裕国家相比较低。

Only around half of consumer spending is taxed at the standard VAT rate of 20%, a low share compared with other rich countries.

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消费者的购买体验正变得越来越复杂，但衡量这些体验的标准基本上保持不变。

The consumer buying experience is growing increasingly more complex, but the metrics to gauge them have remained largely unchanged.

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但是失业者对这一措施仍然不怎么热情，仅有10%的人偶尔想想，消费者信心暗淡，借款标准受限。

But the pace has nonetheless been tepid with unemployment flirting with 10 percent, consumer confidence dim and lending standards restrictive.

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And what happened is, over a 30-year or so period, the industry really shifted to be one where industry standards started to come into play, the customers started to have a bigger role.

经过了30年左右，这个行业发生了变化,出现了产业标准，消费者的角色也越来越重要。

斯坦福公开课 - 戴尔CEO-Michael.Dell谈创业和发展课程节选