流水生态系统（lotic ecosys-tem）是指流动水体的生态系统。
像河流和小溪那样的流水称为激流生态系统；像湖泊和池塘的死水称为静水生态系统。
Flowing waters like rivers and streams are called lotic ecosystems; standing water like lakes and ponds are lentic.
由于人类对河流水文状态的过度干扰，原有的自然水生态系统逐步退化。
Owing to the excessive disturbance of human being to river hydrological conditions, the intrinsic natural water-ecosystem has degraded gradually.
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