制造一种好的热电材料的关键是，需要一种电子可以自由流动的晶体结构。
The trick to a good thermoelectric material is a crystal structure in which electrons can flow freely.
在低温情况下，超导体中电子将会共同流动，不受电阻约束。
At low temperatures, electrons in the superconductors flow collectively, unfettered by resistance.
离子通过中间的电解液从石墨极流向磷酸极而电子则通过外部的电路流动，由此作有用功。
The ions pass from the graphite to the phosphate through an intervening electrolyte while the electrons make the journey via an external circuit that allows them to do useful work.
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