在役焊接过程中，管内流动介质的快速冷却，易使接头出现氢致裂纹。
Because of the fast cooling of flowing medium, the hydrogen cracking occurs easily under in-service welding.
文中概括了近年来焊接熔池传热与流体流动模拟所取得的一些进展，总结了影响熔池传热和流体流动的一些主要因素。
In this paper, some progress attained in recent years on heat transfer and fluid flow in weld pool was summarized, then generalized the factors that influenced heat transfer and fluid flow greatly.
焊接过程中搅拌焊针的结构形状是影响焊缝区塑性软化材料流动方式的主要因素，从而影响焊缝的成型质量。
The structure and dimension of welding pin are the main factors which affects the flow direction of the plastic metal in FSW zone and the quality of the FSW seam.
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