传统晶体管使用一个叫做“栅极”的金属电极，以控制电子在平面硅基片上的沟道中的流动。
Conventional transistors use a metal electrode, called the gate, to control the flow of electrons through a planar channel in the silicon substrate.
江河的流动将会改变，海平面的上升将会增加机场、道路和隧道发生洪水的频率，它说。
River flows will change and rising sea levels will increase the frequency of airports, roads and tunnels flooding, it said.
研究人员估计，西南极洲冰川的加速流动在已观测到全球平均海平面上升中所起的作用约占10％。
Researchers estimate that the accelerating flow of glaciers in West Antarctica is contributing about 10% of the observed rise in the mean global sea level.
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