河流受到污染后，水质自然地逐渐恢复洁净状态的现象。城市污水排放河流后河水发生的变化过程最能反映河流的自净过程。河流的自净作用主要包括稀释作用、沉淀作用、微生物衰减过程及耗氧-复氧作用。
在控制污染负荷排放的同时，也要保证河流基本流量，提高水体自净能力，改善渭河水体的污染现状。
To improve the self-purification ability and pollution situation of river water, control the pollution load and ensure the river basic flow are two important ways.
随着三峡库区二期蓄水成功，库区的水环境由过去典型的河流水体转变为类似湖泊的水体，流速减缓，自净能力降低。
With success of second-phase water storage project for the Three Gorges Reservoir, water environment of the reservoir area has changed from typical river water to a kind of water body like lake.
由于山溪与河流的水文和地质条件不同，所以它们对有机污染物的自净作用机理也很不一样。
Mountain streams are different from common rivers in hydrological and geological features. So different also are their self - purification mechanism to organic pollutants.
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