水铁矿具有极大的比表面积和高表面活性，可以通过吸附和共沉淀与地表水中的污染物质相互作用，故可利用合成水铁矿来去除废水中的污染物质。
如无定形态的结晶度低的水铁矿 （Ferrihydrite）；晶体态的针铁矿（goethite，a-FeOOH）、纤铁矿（1epidocrocite， 1／-FeOOH）、赤铁矿（hematite，a．Fe203）和磁赤铁矿（magn...
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水铁矿吸附的磷比针铁矿和赤铁矿所吸附的磷更难解吸；
P adsorbed by ferrihydrate was much more difficult to be desorbed than those by goethite and hematite.
水铁矿结晶弱，结构表征困难，对其在环境中的分布、组成、结构及性质的认识较欠缺。
Ferrihydrite is poorly crystallized, which makes the determination of its structure more difficult. The distribution, composition, structure and nature are not yet very clear.
对近年来水铁矿的分布、组成、结构和环境行为方面的研究和存在的问题进行了综述和讨论，并且对水铁矿的未来研究方向进行了展望。
In this paper, the distribution, composition, structure and environmental geochemical behaviors of ferrihydrite are reviewed. The prospective research areas on ferrihydrite are also proposed.
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