这种方法允许欧盟在没有正式权力的领域，制定适用于所有成员国的政策。

This method allows policy across the bloc to be crafted where the EU does not have any formal powers.

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管理者是受上级任命在岗位上从事工作的，他们的影响力来自这一职位所赋予的正式权力。

Managers are appointed to their positions. Their ability to influence employees is based on the formal authority inherent in that position.

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答案在于，在有交易成本的情况下，与外部的市场交易相比，公司决策的正式权力也许能够更好地解决议价问题。

The answer is that in the presence of transaction costs, the formal authority of company decision-making may solve bargaining problems better inside the firm than market trading outside.

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Middle-class Puritans like John Milton find themselves upholding the authority of Parliament over the authority of King Charles and over the authority of the official Church of England.

中产阶级的清教徒像弥尔顿，发现自己,把议会的职权看得比国王查尔斯的权力要重,甚至比英格兰正式的教会的权力还重要。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Every regime is an answer to that question because every regime sets forward a way of distributing formally distributing powers and distributing offices among its citizen body.

每一个政体都是这问题的答案，因,为每一个政体提出了一种分配的方式,正式地分配权力,并将官职分配给其公民本体。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选