染色体作为主要的遗传物质DNA载体，研究它的结构和功能是细胞遗传学必不可少的重要环节。

It is an important process of cytogenetics to study the structures and functions of chromosome, the main carrier of genetic material DNA.

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前言：在人类细胞遗传学中，荧光分子技术的出现带来了一些染色体研究和诊断的新方法。

Introducetion: in human cytogenetics, the advent of fluorescence molecular techniques has brought forth new procedures for chromosome investigation and diagnosis.

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遗传学的连锁分析是指通过遗传重组来研究染色体的结构，定位基因的位置，并确定基因在染色体上的排列顺序。

Genetic analysis of linkage used recombination to analyze the structure of chromosomes, to determine the locations of genes and their linear order along a chromosome.

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