当鄂图曼土耳其人在几千年前入主这个城市时，他们也开始影响当地的景观。
When the Ottomans entered the city all those years ago, they began to affect the landscape.
哈普斯堡皇室打败奥托曼，到18世纪，大量的克罗地亚人脱离了土耳其人的统治，而在1797年- 1815年之间转为由哈普斯堡皇室的君主统治(奥地利的君主政体或者仅仅是奥地利)。
Habsburg thwarted the Ottomans, and by the 18th century, much of Croatia was free of Turkish control and came under Habsburg Monarchy (Austrian Monarchy or simply Austria) between 1797 and 1815.
在帝国的西部，诺曼人占领了南意大利。在东部，塞尔柱土耳其人在曼兹科特取得了决定性的辉煌胜利之后，进军小亚细亚。
To the west, the Normans have taken southern Italy, and in the east the Seljuk Turks have moved into Asia Minor after their decisive and terrible victory at Manzikert.
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