由于炮孔堵塞不牢和初始自由面利用不充分，井下平巷的掘进开挖爆破仍存在投入大、爆破结果欠理想等问题。
Because of the weak borehole sealing and inadequate use of the initial free face, the higher investment and unsatisfactory blasting effect still exist in the mine tunnel excavation blasting.
小型隧道掘进是一种无需开挖的地下管道施工技术。
Small size tunnel driving is a construction technology of underground piping without excavation.
为保证开挖面稳定及控制地面沉降，土压平衡盾构掘进时必须合理匹配各施工参数。
For EPB(Earth Pressure Balance)shield tunneling, one must properly choose driving parameters to maintain face stability and control ground subsidence.
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