挫折理论,即探讨行为中挫折对主体的影响的理论。它认为,当行为主体从事有目的活动遇到障碍或干扰,使其动机不能获得满足时,即表现为挫折。挫折可能使主体总结教训,才智大增。也可能使主体情绪低落。痛苦不堪,甚至发生抵制、报复、攻击等不良行为。因此,管理者在决策时应尽量使职工不受挫折,且出现挫折应真诚相助,善意诱导,充分理解,使其“吃一堑,长一智”。
传统的激励理论包括需求层次理论、双因素理论、期望理论、强化理论和挫折理论,这些理论自成一说,相互补充。
These are the technological routes that adopted. Traditional motivational theories include demand level theory, dual factors theory, theory of expecting, aggrandizement theory and setback theory.
第二部分是关于中学生挫折教育的基础理论。
The second part is based on the theory of frustration education students.
从理论和实践的角度,分析了挫折的起因、个体遭受挫折后的反应、挫折的防卫以及如何提高挫折的承受力。
This article analyzes, theoretically and practically, the causes, reaction of the individual after setbacks and guard against them and how to im-prove the endurance of setbacks.
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