拒马 是一种木制的可以移动的障碍物, 是一种障碍器材。夏商周三代便有了早期拒马,即将木柱交叉固定成架子,架子上镶嵌带刃、刺。当时用以堵门,阻止行人通过,后来用于战斗,以阻止和迟滞敌人军马的行动,并可杀伤敌人。
暴雨引发山洪暴发,在房山拒马河洪峰流量。
Heavy rains triggered flash floods in Fangshan, Juma River flood peak discharge.
穿过城市的主要河流包括永定河,潮白河,北运河和拒马河。它们大多源于北京东北部的山脉地区。
Major rivers flowing through Beijing include Yongcing river, Chaobai river, north Canal and Juma river that mostly originated in the northeastern mountainous areas of Beijing.
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