一月份，承保人从消费者那儿征收而外费用的权利得到了批准，这也增大了竞争压力。

In January the competitive pressure grew when the insurers gained the right to levy extra fees on their customers.

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但是消费者已经在不公平的高涨的保险费率上取得一些突破，而且保险公司再也不能在人们生病的时候缩减保险承保范围了。

But already, consumers are getting a break from unfair rate hikes and insurance companies will no longer drop coverage for people when they get sick.

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对处于价外状态的期权而言，投资者已乐意为此支付比那些承保小幅下跌的合约更高的价格(以隐含波动为衡量标准)。

They have been willing to pay a higher price (as measured by implied volatility) for extreme out-of-the-money options than for contracts that insure against smaller market declines.

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