在小说《红字》中，齐灵窝斯之所以由一个先前诚实、公正的人，变为毫无怜悯之心、疯狂折磨其仇人的恶魔，是有其复杂原因的。
In the novel of the Scarlet Letter, Chillingworth becomes a devil tormenting his enemy crazily and without any pity from an honest, fair person, which has complex reasons.
由于《红字》中没有明确呈现，所以同样反映在美国文化中的一些重要的清教元素并没有在本文中谈及。
Some important elements of Puritanism which are also reflected in American culture are not concerned in this thesis because they are not apparently presented in the novel.
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