作者称，伴随着生物原料转变成塑料成品的整个过程，这些影响主要来自于化肥，杀虫剂的使用以及退地还耕的举措。
These impacts came largely from fertilizer use, pesticide use and conversion of lands to agricultural fields, along with processing the bio-feedstocks into plastics, the authors reported.
Landis和其他作者的这一工作发表在了《环境科学与技术》上，他们详细追踪了几种类型的塑料从其生产源头到最终成品的过程中所造成的全面影响。
The work, by Landis and others and published in Environmental Science &Technology, traces the full impact of plastic production all the way back to its source for several types of plastics.
塑料已成为首选材料，因为成品价格低廉的产品质量和数量磨具被用来完成注塑模具。
Plastics were becoming the material of choice because the finished goods were inexpensive to produce in mass quantities and abrasives were used to finish plastic injection molds.
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